【西非漫谈】利比里亚的旅游业

（【西非漫谈】2023年第3期，总第70期。作者：电子科技大学西非研究中心团队；执笔人：Koffi Dumor（电子科技大学西非研究中心团队成员）；译者：廖若宇（外国语学院）；整理：孟雅琪、黄锐（公共管理学院）；供稿：电子科技大学西非研究中心团队。）

Tourism is a critical sector of the economy in Liberia. Liberia is a country on the Atlantic coast of West Africa. The land has a total area of 111,370 km² (43,000 mi²) and a total coastline of 579 km (359.8 mi). This land area is approximately 105% of the area of Ohio. Liberia is thus the 20th smallest country in Africa and ranked 104th in the world. More than half of all residents (53%) live within cities. Almost every fifth resident lives in Monrovia (See Map of Liberia). The country boasts an array of natural attractions that draw tourists from different parts of the world. Liberia's tourism industry has significant potential to create jobs, generate income, and support the country's economic growth.

Author from https://www.pinterest.com/pin/210754457532669106/

Liberia - International Tourism, Expenditures (% Of Total Imports)^-

International tourism expenditures are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries, including payments to foreign carriers for international transport. These expenditures may include those by residents traveling abroad as same-day visitors, except in cases where these are important enough to justify separate classifications. For some countries, they do not include expenditures for passenger transport items. Their share in imports is calculated as a ratio to imports of goods and services, which comprise all transactions between residents of a country and the rest of the world involving a change of ownership from non-residents to residents of general merchandise, goods sent for processing and repairs, nonmonetary gold, and services.

Author from https://tradingeconomics.com/liberia/international-tourism-expenditures-

Tourism in Liberia is a critical source of revenue. The sector contributes significantly to the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). According to the World Travel and Tourism Council, tourism's total contribution to Liberia's GDP in 2019 was 9.7%, with a total of USD 641.3 million. In addition to direct contributions, the industry also generates indirect economic benefits, such as job creation in other sectors such as retail, transportation, and hospitality.

Liberia's tourism industry

Liberia's tourism industry is focused on nature-based tourism. The country is endowed with a rich diversity of flora and fauna, including unique species such as the pygmy hippopotamus, chimpanzees, and rare birds. Liberia's pristine beaches, waterfalls, and national parks are some of the country's top tourist attractions. The Sapo National Park, for instance, is home to a range of wildlife species, including elephants, leopards, and various primates.

The best prospect industry sector for this country includes a market overview and trade data. Liberia is endowed with rich natural resources that provide a potential tourism and hospitality market, including forests, rivers, seas, waterfalls, hills, mountains, lagoons, lakes, wetlands, and deltas. The country’s biodiversity, landscape, and beaches are natural attractions for tourists and international visitors seeking new adventures.

Liberia is a beautifully unique country with a less-than-favorable reputation. Researching Liberia leads to some interesting finds. For instance, the country’s two civil wars, the Ebola endemic, crime, and the outbreak of COVID-19, leading curious travelers to believe Liberia is not a bucket-list tourist destination. The effects of these on the Liberian economy have been disastrous, leaving communities struggling to rebuild the country to the glory it deserves. Sustainable tourism in Liberia can contribute to regenerating the economy by providing significant benefits to local communities. This piece explains how Liberia can be restored through sustainable tourism. First, the effects of the wars and endemics are explained before diving into the importance of sustainable tourism in Liberia.

Kpatawee Falls

Kpatawee waterfall is a tourist attraction located in Kpatawee, Suakoko, Bong County, Liberia. Kpatawee waterfall is one of Liberia’s hidden attractions deep inside the Liberian forest. Come and experience the beautiful nature of Kpatawee.

Kpatawee, located in the heart of the oldest republic in Africa, is an ideal destination for an eco-friendly weekend escape in West Africa. Just a three-hour drive from Monrovia, Kpatawee offers a haven for nature lovers. The Kpatawee waterfall is recognized as a Ramsar site, meaning it is a vital source of water for the local community. Hence, sustainable tourism at the waterfall and the Kpatawee Waterfall Resort is critical in preserving the area's natural resources. The Kpatawee Falls organization strives to protect the unique biodiversity of the region. Therefore, any actions by visitors that compromise the waterfall may undermine the conservation efforts in Kpatawee.

Highlighting Liberia's Cultural Heritage through Ecotourism⁵

Despite being affected by wars and health epidemics, Liberia has much more to offer, including its unique culture and history that attract people globally. A prime example of this is Providence Island, which showcases the rich cultural heritage of Liberia and its resilience as a West African nation.

The history of Providence Island is deeply rooted in the transatlantic slave trade. It was the departure point for many Africans who were forcibly removed from their homes and sold as slaves, and it was also the arrival point for the formerly enslaved who were sent to Liberia in the 1820s. Today, the island serves as a symbol of remembrance for the pain and hardship endured by these ancestors. Visitors to Providence Island can see numerous historical sites, such as one of the world's oldest cotton trees, an ancient water well, and a landing dock used in trade. A metal tree made from AK47 machine guns serves as a reminder of Liberia's past conflicts, and the first concrete work in Liberia's history can also be observed on the island. These cultural and historical sites provide a unique opportunity for visitors to experience and learn about the rich cultural heritage of Liberia.

MONROVIA – Hundreds of people celebrated Liberia tourism on Sunday, December 18, 2022, on the grounds of the Paynesville City Corporation (PCC) in the country’s first-ever, annual national tourism festival. Held at the start of Liberia’s tourism high season, which runs from December to May, the festival brought together local Liberians, expats, Liberia Diaspora, and international visitors in a day filled with an array of exciting activities.

Author from https://frontpageafricaonline.com/news/liberia-libfest-draws-hundreds-in-a-display-of-liberias-culture-and-tourism/

Shopping and food vendors showcased fashion, jewelry, home accents, Liberia-made snacks, drinks, body care products, and much more. Gracing the occasion was Colorado State Representative Naquetta Ricks who shopped for gifts to take back to the US. “It was amazing to see all these Liberian-made products, small business owners, and artisans featuring their goods. It is one of the best ways to feature the rich culture and creativity of Liberia. It was a positive event with lots of great energy,” said Ricks⁵.

The Liberian government recognizes the importance of tourism and is implementing policies to promote the industry. The government is investing in infrastructure development to improve accessibility to tourist sites. For instance, the government has constructed new roads and airports to connect tourist destinations. The government has also implemented measures to attract foreign investors in the tourism sector.

The government is also promoting sustainable tourism practices to protect the country's natural resources. The government has implemented regulations to prevent illegal wildlife hunting and fishing in national parks. The government is also promoting eco-tourism to attract tourists who are interested in experiencing Liberia's natural beauty while minimizing environmental impacts.

Author from https://frontpageafricaonline.com/news/liberia-libfest-draws-hundreds-in-a-display-of-liberias-culture-and-tourism/

Traditional Dance

Tourism in Liberia allows travelers to experience the country's rich cultural traditions, including its traditional dances. Dancing is an integral part of Liberian culture, with performances taking place during special occasions like weddings, burials, holidays, and traditional events and spontaneous street performances. The traditional dances vary among the different tribes and regions, but they are all accompanied by the beat of drums (sangba), which often attracts spectators who pause their daily activities to watch. The dancers typically wear traditional clothing, and face painting is also a common practice before performances. This cultural expression brings great joy to the Liberian people and is a testament to their passion for their heritage. If you're planning a trip to Liberia, don't miss the chance to witness a cultural dance performance, as it is truly a unique and unforgettable experience.

Conclusion and recommendation

Liberia's tourism industry has significant potential to contribute to the country's economic growth. The government's efforts to promote the industry and implement sustainable tourism practices are encouraging. With continued investment in infrastructure and security, Liberia's tourism industry can become a significant source of income and job creation for the country.

In addition to the natural attractions, Liberia also has a rich cultural heritage that can attract tourists interested in cultural tourism. The country's history and traditions, including the influence of American culture, can provide a unique cultural experience for tourists. Liberia's capital, Monrovia, has a rich history, including the Ducor Palace Hotel, which was once one of the most luxurious hotels in West Africa.

The Liberian government has also recognized the potential of sports tourism. The country has hosted several international sporting events, including football tournaments and marathons, which have attracted visitors from different parts of the world. Sports tourism can provide opportunities for the country to showcase its culture, promote its tourism industry, and generate revenue.

To further boost tourism in Liberia, the government can consider implementing policies that encourage private investment in the sector. The government can provide incentives such as tax breaks, subsidies, and streamlined bureaucratic processes to attract investors. Private investment can help to develop tourist infrastructure such as hotels, restaurants, and transportation, which are necessary for the growth of the sector.

Moreover, the government can collaborate with other countries and international organizations to promote Liberia's tourism industry. For instance, the government can participate in international tourism fairs and conferences to showcase Liberia's tourism potential to the world. The government can also partner with other countries in the region to promote cross-border tourism and promote regional integration.

Furthermore, the government can prioritize the development of human capital in the tourism sector. The country can provide training programs for locals on skills such as hospitality, customer service, and tourism management. This can help to create a pool of skilled labor in the industry, which can attract more visitors and generate more revenue.

In conclusion, Liberia's tourism industry has significant potential to contribute to the country's economic growth. The government's efforts to promote the sector, and implement sustainable tourism practices. With continued investment in infrastructure, security, private investment, and human capital, Liberia's tourism industry can become a significant source of income and job creation for the country.

Reference

https://www.outlooktravelmag.com/travel-guides/5-liberia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tourism_in_Liberia

https://visitliberia.net/

https://www.solimarinternational.com/

https://www.solimarinternational.com/sustainable-tourism-in-liberia/

https://www.moci.gov.lr/doc/LIBERIA%20NATIONAL%20TOURISM%20STRATEGY.1.pdf

https://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Project-and-Operations/Liberia_-_Infrastructure_and_Inclusive_Growth_-_Full_Report.pdf

https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Africas-tourism-potential_LandrySigne1.pdf