Developed economies: growth of real GDP
Annual percentage change
|
2000- 2014a |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022b |
2023c |
2024c |
|
Developed economies |
1.7 |
2.3 |
1.7 |
2.4 |
2.3 |
1.8 |
-4.6 |
5.2 |
2.6 |
0.4 |
1.6 |
|
United States |
2.0 |
2.7 |
1.7 |
2.3 |
2.9 |
2.3 |
-3.4 |
5.7 |
1.8 |
0.4 |
1.7 |
|
Canada |
2.3 |
0.7 |
1.0 |
3.0 |
2.8 |
1.9 |
-5.2 |
4.5 |
3.6 |
0.8 |
1.9 |
|
Japan |
0.8 |
1.5 |
0.7 |
1.7 |
0.7 |
-0.4 |
-4.7 |
1.7 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
1.3 |
|
Australia |
3.0 |
2.3 |
2.7 |
2.4 |
2.8 |
2.0 |
-2.2 |
4.9 |
3.9 |
1.9 |
1.8 |
|
New Zealand |
2.8 |
4.2 |
4.0 |
4.0 |
4.3 |
3.3 |
- 1.0 |
5.1 |
3.3 |
1.9 |
2.0 |
|
European Union |
1.3 |
2.3 |
2.0 |
2.8 |
2.0 |
1.8 |
-5.7 |
5.3 |
3.3 |
0.2 |
1.6 |
|
Austria |
1.5 |
1.0 |
2.0 |
2.3 |
2.5 |
1.5 |
-6.7 |
4.6 |
4.7 |
-0. 1 |
1.3 |
|
Belgium |
1.7 |
2.0 |
1.3 |
1.6 |
1.8 |
2.1 |
-5.7 |
6.2 |
2.7 |
0.2 |
1.2 |
|
Bulgaria |
3.6 |
3.4 |
3.0 |
2.8 |
2.7 |
4.0 |
-4.4 |
4.2 |
3.0 |
1.5 |
3.0 |
|
Croatia |
1.7 |
2.5 |
3.5 |
3.4 |
2.9 |
3.5 |
-8. 1 |
10.2 |
5.8 |
2.1 |
2.5 |
|
Cyprus |
1.8 |
3.4 |
6.5 |
5.9 |
5.7 |
5.3 |
-5.0 |
5.5 |
5.3 |
1.8 |
2.6 |
|
Czechia |
2.6 |
5.4 |
2.5 |
5.2 |
3.2 |
3.0 |
-5.5 |
3.5 |
2.3 |
0.0 |
2.3 |
|
Denmark |
1.0 |
2.3 |
3.2 |
2.8 |
2.0 |
1.5 |
-2.0 |
4.9 |
2.9 |
-0.3 |
1.1 |
|
Estonia |
3.9 |
1.9 |
3.2 |
5.8 |
3.8 |
3.7 |
-0.6 |
8.0 |
0.0 |
1.0 |
2.1 |
|
Finland |
1.5 |
0.5 |
2.8 |
3.2 |
1.1 |
1.2 |
-2.2 |
3.0 |
2.5 |
-0.4 |
1.3 |
|
France |
1.4 |
1.1 |
1.1 |
2.3 |
1.9 |
1.8 |
-7.8 |
6.8 |
2.6 |
0.1 |
1.4 |
|
Germany |
1.2 |
1.5 |
2.2 |
2.7 |
1.0 |
1.1 |
-3.7 |
2.6 |
1.7 |
-0.4 |
1.6 |
|
Greece |
0.1 |
-0.2 |
-0.5 |
1.1 |
1.7 |
1.8 |
-9.0 |
8.3 |
6.2 |
0.7 |
2.5 |
|
Hungary |
2.2 |
3.7 |
2.2 |
4.3 |
5.4 |
4.6 |
-4.5 |
7.1 |
5.6 |
1.0 |
3.0 |
|
Ireland |
3.2 |
24.4 |
2.0 |
9.0 |
8.5 |
5.4 |
6.2 |
13.6 |
8.2 |
3.0 |
3.2 |
|
Italy |
0.2 |
0.8 |
1.3 |
1.7 |
0.9 |
0.5 |
-9.0 |
6.6 |
3.7 |
-0.3 |
1.1 |
|
Latvia |
3.8 |
3.9 |
2.4 |
3.3 |
4.0 |
2.5 |
-3.8 |
4.5 |
2.0 |
-0.2 |
2.5 |
|
Lithuania |
4.3 |
2.0 |
2.5 |
4.3 |
4.0 |
4.6 |
-0. 1 |
5.0 |
2.3 |
0.5 |
2.3 |
|
Luxembourg |
3.0 |
2.3 |
5.0 |
1.3 |
2.0 |
3.3 |
- 1.8 |
6.9 |
1.7 |
0.5 |
2.1 |
|
Malta |
3.2 |
9.6 |
3.4 |
11.1 |
6.0 |
5.9 |
-8.3 |
9.4 |
5.9 |
2.4 |
3.2 |
|
|
Netherlands |
1.3 |
2.0 |
2.2 |
2.9 |
2.4 |
2.0 |
-3.9 |
4.9 |
4.6 |
0.2 |
1.3 |
|
Poland |
3.6 |
4.2 |
3.1 |
4.8 |
5.4 |
4.7 |
-2.2 |
5.9 |
4.6 |
1.0 |
2.6 |
|
Portugal |
0.3 |
1.8 |
2.0 |
3.5 |
2.8 |
2.7 |
-8.4 |
4.9 |
6.6 |
0.5 |
1.7 |
|
Romania |
3.7 |
3.0 |
4.7 |
7.3 |
4.5 |
4.2 |
-3.8 |
6.0 |
6.0 |
2.0 |
2.5 |
|
Slovakia |
3.9 |
5.2 |
1.9 |
3.0 |
3.8 |
2.6 |
-4.4 |
3.0 |
1.7 |
0.8 |
2.1 |
|
Slovenia |
2.0 |
2.2 |
3.2 |
4.8 |
4.4 |
3.3 |
-4.2 |
8.1 |
6.0 |
1.2 |
2.3 |
|
Spain |
1.5 |
3.8 |
3.0 |
3.0 |
2.3 |
2.1 |
- 10.8 |
5.1 |
4.5 |
0.9 |
2.2 |
|
Sweden |
2.2 |
4.5 |
2.1 |
2.6 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
-2.2 |
5.1 |
2.9 |
-0.9 |
1.0 |
|
Other Europe |
1.8 |
2.4 |
2.1 |
2.0 |
1.8 |
1.5 |
-7.3 |
6.5 |
3.8 |
-0.4 |
1.2 |
|
Iceland |
2.7 |
4.4 |
6.3 |
4.2 |
4.9 |
2.4 |
-6.8 |
4.4 |
6.4 |
1.5 |
2.2 |
|
Norway |
1.7 |
2.0 |
1.1 |
2.3 |
1.1 |
0.7 |
-0.7 |
3.9 |
2.7 |
0.9 |
1.6 |
|
Switzerland |
2.0 |
1.6 |
2.1 |
1.4 |
2.9 |
1.1 |
-2.4 |
4.2 |
2.2 |
0.6 |
1.6 |
|
United Kingdomd |
1.7 |
2.6 |
2.3 |
2.1 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
-9.3 |
7.4 |
4.3 |
-0.8 |
1.0 |
|
Memorandum items: |
|
Northern America |
2.0 |
2.5 |
1.6 |
2.3 |
2.9 |
2.3 |
-3.5 |
5.6 |
1.9 |
0.4 |
1.7 |
|
Developed Asia and the Pacific |
1.3 |
1.8 |
1.3 |
1.9 |
1.3 |
0.3 |
-4.0 |
2.6 |
2.2 |
1.6 |
1.4 |
|
Europe |
1.4 |
2.3 |
2.0 |
2.7 |
2.0 |
1.8 |
-5.4 |
5.2 |
3.3 |
0.2 |
1.6 |
|
Major developed economies |
1.6 |
2.1 |
1.6 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
1.6 |
-4.8 |
5.1 |
2.2 |
0.3 |
1.5 |
|
Euro area |
1.2 |
2.0 |
1.9 |
2.6 |
1.8 |
1.6 |
-6.1 |
5.3 |
3.2 |
0.1 |
1.6 |
Source: UN DESA, based on data of the United Nations Statistics Division and individual national sources.
Note: Regional aggregates calculated at 2015 prices and exchange rates.
a Average percentage change.
b Partly estimated.
c Baseline scenario forecasts, based on UN DESA World Economic Forecasting Model.
d The United Kingdom withdrew from the EU on 31 January 2020 and is therefore excluded from all EU aggregations.