Developed economies: consumer price inflation
Annual percentage changea
|
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022b |
2023c |
2024c |
Developed economies |
1.4 |
0.3 |
0.8 |
1.8 |
2.0 |
1.5 |
0.8 |
3.3 |
7.5 |
5.2 |
2.7 |
United States |
1.6 |
0.1 |
1.3 |
2.1 |
2.4 |
1.8 |
1.2 |
4.7 |
8.1 |
4.8 |
2.5 |
Canada |
1.9 |
1.1 |
1.4 |
1.6 |
2.3 |
1.9 |
0.7 |
3.4 |
6.8 |
4.6 |
2.7 |
Japan |
2.8 |
0.8 |
-0. 1 |
0.5 |
1.0 |
0.5 |
0.0 |
-0.2 |
2.0 |
1.2 |
0.7 |
Australia |
2.5 |
1.5 |
1.3 |
2.0 |
1.9 |
1.6 |
0.9 |
2.8 |
6.5 |
4.9 |
3.1 |
New Zealand |
1.2 |
0.3 |
0.6 |
1.9 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.7 |
3.9 |
6.6 |
4.0 |
3.1 |
European Union |
0.4 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
1.5 |
1.8 |
1.4 |
0.5 |
2.7 |
8.6 |
6.6 |
3.3 |
Austria |
1.5 |
0.8 |
1.0 |
2.2 |
2.1 |
1.5 |
1.4 |
2.8 |
8.6 |
6.6 |
3.6 |
Belgium |
0.5 |
0.6 |
1.8 |
2.2 |
2.3 |
1.2 |
0.4 |
3.2 |
9.8 |
6.8 |
3.6 |
Bulgaria |
- 1.6 |
- 1 . 1 |
- 1.3 |
1.2 |
2.6 |
2.4 |
1.2 |
2.9 |
14.0 |
7.5 |
3.2 |
Croatia |
0.2 |
-0.3 |
-0.6 |
1.3 |
1.5 |
0.8 |
0.0 |
2.7 |
9.0 |
6.0 |
3.2 |
Cyprus |
-0.3 |
- 1.5 |
- 1.2 |
0.7 |
0.8 |
0.5 |
- 1 . 1 |
2.3 |
8.5 |
4.4 |
2.8 |
Czechia |
0.5 |
0.2 |
0.7 |
2.4 |
1.9 |
2.6 |
3.3 |
3.3 |
17.0 |
10.2 |
3.7 |
Denmark |
0.4 |
0.2 |
0.0 |
1.1 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
0.4 |
1.9 |
7.9 |
4.6 |
2.8 |
Estonia |
0.5 |
0.1 |
0.8 |
3.7 |
3.4 |
2.3 |
-0.6 |
4.5 |
21.0 |
6.1 |
3.1 |
Finland |
1.2 |
-0.2 |
0.4 |
0.8 |
1.2 |
1.1 |
0.4 |
2.1 |
6.9 |
4.4 |
2.6 |
France |
0.6 |
0.1 |
0.3 |
1.2 |
2.1 |
1.3 |
0.5 |
2.1 |
5.8 |
4.2 |
2.8 |
Germany |
0.7 |
0.7 |
0.4 |
1.7 |
1.9 |
1.4 |
0.3 |
3.2 |
8.1 |
7.6 |
3.7 |
Greece |
- 1.4 |
- 1 . 1 |
0.0 |
1.1 |
0.8 |
0.5 |
- 1.3 |
0.6 |
9.9 |
5.9 |
2.7 |
Hungary |
0.0 |
0.1 |
0.4 |
2.4 |
2.9 |
3.4 |
3.4 |
5.2 |
13.9 |
14.2 |
3.6 |
Ireland |
0.3 |
0.0 |
-0.2 |
0.3 |
0.7 |
0.9 |
-0.5 |
2.4 |
8.0 |
6.3 |
2.8 |
Italy |
0.2 |
0.1 |
-0. 1 |
1.4 |
1.2 |
0.7 |
-0.2 |
1.9 |
8.5 |
6.5 |
3.2 |
Latvia |
0.7 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
2.9 |
2.6 |
2.7 |
0.1 |
3.2 |
17.5 |
6.9 |
3.1 |
Lithuania |
0.2 |
-0.7 |
0.7 |
3.7 |
2.5 |
2.2 |
1.1 |
4.6 |
20.1 |
10.2 |
2.5 |
Luxembourg |
0.7 |
0.1 |
0.0 |
2.1 |
2.0 |
1.7 |
0.0 |
3.5 |
8.3 |
6.2 |
3.6 |
Malta |
0.8 |
1.2 |
0.9 |
1.3 |
1.7 |
1.5 |
0.8 |
0.7 |
6.2 |
5.0 |
2.8 |
Netherlands |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
1.3 |
1.6 |
2.7 |
1.1 |
2.8 |
11.0 |
7.2 |
4.5 |
Poland |
0.1 |
-0.7 |
-0.2 |
1.6 |
1.2 |
2.1 |
3.6 |
5.2 |
15.1 |
12.1 |
4.6 |
Portugal |
-0.2 |
0.5 |
0.6 |
1.6 |
1.2 |
0.3 |
-0. 1 |
0.9 |
8.0 |
6.2 |
3.4 |
Romania |
1.4 |
-0.4 |
- 1 . 1 |
1.1 |
4.1 |
3.9 |
2.3 |
4.1 |
11.7 |
8.8 |
5.7 |
Slovakia |
-0. 1 |
-0.3 |
-0.5 |
1.4 |
2.5 |
2.8 |
2.0 |
2.8 |
12.0 |
11.1 |
4.1 |
Slovenia |
0.4 |
-0.8 |
-0. 1 |
1.6 |
1.9 |
1.7 |
-0.3 |
2.1 |
9.0 |
6.2 |
3.3 |
Spain |
-0.2 |
-0.6 |
-0.3 |
2.0 |
1.7 |
0.8 |
-0.3 |
3.0 |
8.5 |
4.9 |
2.5 |
Sweden |
0.2 |
0.7 |
1.1 |
1.9 |
2.0 |
1.7 |
0.7 |
2.7 |
8.2 |
7.0 |
2.9 |
Other European countries |
1.3 |
0.1 |
0.8 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
1.6 |
0.7 |
2.4 |
7.6 |
6.5 |
3.6 |
Iceland |
1.0 |
0.3 |
0.8 |
- 1.6 |
0.7 |
2.0 |
1.2 |
3.7 |
8.1 |
5.9 |
3.5 |
Norway |
1.9 |
2.0 |
3.9 |
1.8 |
3.0 |
2.3 |
1.2 |
3.9 |
6.0 |
4.1 |
3.3 |
Switzerland |
0.0 |
-0.8 |
-0.5 |
0.6 |
0.9 |
0.4 |
-0.7 |
0.6 |
2.9 |
2.5 |
1.4 |
United Kingdomd |
1.5 |
0.0 |
0.7 |
2.7 |
2.4 |
1.8 |
0.9 |
2.6 |
9.0 |
7.8 |
4.1 |
Memorandum items: |
Northern America |
1.6 |
0.2 |
1.3 |
2.1 |
2.4 |
1.8 |
1.2 |
4.6 |
8.0 |
4.8 |
2.5 |
Developed Asia and the Pacific |
2.7 |
0.9 |
0.2 |
0.8 |
1.2 |
0.7 |
0.2 |
0.5 |
3.0 |
2.0 |
1.3 |
Europe |
0.4 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
1.5 |
1.7 |
1.4 |
0.5 |
2.7 |
8.3 |
6.3 |
3.3 |
Major developed economies |
1.5 |
0.3 |
0.8 |
1.8 |
2.1 |
1.5 |
0.8 |
3.4 |
7.2 |
4.9 |
2.6 |
Euro area |
0.4 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
1.5 |
1.7 |
1.3 |
0.3 |
2.6 |
8.1 |
6.2 |
3.3 |
Source: UN DESA, based on OECD Main Economic Indicators, Eurostat and individual national sources.
a Data for country groups are weighted averages, where weights for each year are based on 2015 GDP in United States dollars.
b Partly estimated.
c Baseline scenario forecasts, based on UN DESA World Economic Forecasting Model.
d The United Kingdom withdrew from the EU on 31 January 2020 and is therefore excluded from all EU aggregations